动物名称名词常转类为动词,其含义之一是“捕捉”(hunt and catch)。如: QwhPN'U
They fished all day in the river. hm&~6rB
The dogs went ratting. ;RU)Q)a)
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然而,动物世界,形象纷繁,其性情又千差万别。动物名称的名词用作动词,或取“形似”,或取“神似”,或“形神皆似”,含义丰富多姿,形象逼真,幽默有趣。现择其要者介绍于下: )YZ41K5N
1.dog 跟踪 尾随 1xw},y6T2
Wherever i go , my little brother dogs my footsteps . Z1Ms~tch
2.monkey 耍弄 乱搞 J(Bn
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Don't monkey with my television . eu#| |
3.snake 蜿蜒而行 拖拉(地上某物) m'pihFR:f
Since the train was snaking along at a brisk clip , the diner swayed from side to side . '@$?A>.cj
4.wolf 狼吞虎咽 kz#DBh!&
The starving man wolfed down the food . !n7?w@2a'
5.fish 取出(某物) 捕捞 /F\7_
He fished out a coin for the boy . t*COzE
6.apt 模仿 仿效 [\VzI\vb
Don't ape your betters . ?}W:DGudZ
7.badger 纠缠 缠住 '!_o`t@
If you badger him long enough i'm sure he'll agree . ,yB-jk
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8.pig (在肮脏处)拥挤 睡在一起 .N%$I6w
The hotels were all full so we had to pig it in an old hut for the night . |Oo
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9.chicken 退缩 害怕 m+o>`1>a
All the boys ran to put out the fire , but Mike chickened out . LcF0: h'
10.parrot 鹦鹉学舌般地复述 m_pK'jc
On the whole , the students seemed serious and hard--working , but they confined themselves to parrotiong textbooks . 9(m^^
11.beetle (像甲克虫一样)匆忙逃走 69_c,(M0
After work we all beetled off for a drink . (vQShe\
12.bug 暗设窃听器 烦恼 折磨 lU\|F5O@#
The spy bugged enemy headquarters . 9qw~]W~Nm
13.worm (虫一般)慢慢爬行 慢慢钻营 $lO\eQGxB
The soldier wormed his way toward the enemy's lines . e@6}?q;
14.fox 行骗 S`NH6?/uH
To his mind everybody was dodging and foxing . dZZHk
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★词汇编★(二)——和颜色有关的习惯用语 .9`.\v6R
英语中有不少和颜色有关的习惯用语,下面介绍的是其中一些常用的: h322^24-2
1. The Council's new shopping precinct area , built at a cost of $4,000,000 , turned out to be a white elephant because people preferred to do their shopping in the more colorful nearby street market . 2hquE_1S[w
white elephant 昂贵而无用的东西 @.%ll n
2. After the grueling rugby match , half the team were black and blue for the next few days . W] RxRdY6[
black and blue 遍布青一块 紫一块的伤痕(遍体鳞伤) -q-%)f
3. She argued with her daughter till she ( the mother ) was blue in the face , but the girl still insisted on going to the pop festival . k(T/ydrw
be blue in the face (因大怒或过分费力)弄的脸上突然变色 Z
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4. After winning $10,000 on the pools , he and his wife painted the town red and got home at dawn after visiting every night--club in the area . #*~#t4S-
to paint the town red 狂欢 痛饮 胡闹 %cBJ haR{(
5. John's absolutely browned--off with his job . If he doesn't change it soon , he'll go map . -1fT2e
browned--off 厌烦的 不能忍受的 ,\Cy'TSz
6. She received a letter from a solicitor out of the blue telling her that she'd been left $20,000 by a distant relative . C<{k[!N%zm
out of the blue 突然地 意外地 &ed.%:
7. His wife was a poor sailor , and before the ship was out of Dover Harcourt , she suddenly went green and disappeared below deck . ](^xA`
to go green 晕船 呕吐 grv 3aa@
8. When his horse was beaten in a photo--finish by a complete outsider , he saw red . ll6~8PN
to see red 突然生气 不能控制自己 P,,@&*
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9. For the first few weeks the pupils got away with blue murder , but the new teacher soon learnt how to control the class , and now she never has any trouble in keeping discipline .
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blue murder 大声惊呼 大惊小怪地叫喊 >ztv3^w
10.A well--known saying which provides support in times of difficulty is : " Every cloud has a silver lining . " (黑暗之中总有一线光明)
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11.The day she was awarded her first--class degree before 2,000 people , including her parents , was a red letter day in her life . uYV#'%
a red letter day 大喜的日子 zV%U4P)Dao
12.His bank account was 187 in the red and the bank manager insisted that he pay it back within three months . ;0ake%v]
in the red 亏损 负债 'GAjx{gM
13.A purple patch in a book is any part which is ornate in its literary composition to the point of a sturdily . ,KZ_#9[>
purple patch ( passage ) 华而不实的章句 X.g1
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14.He was the firm's blue--eyed boy and rewarded their faith in him by winning a $200,000 overseas contract . :c
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blue--eyed 受宠爱的 KpSHf9!&[
15.White lies are sometimes called social lies . They are lies which can be justified or excused by the motives of the person telling them . x H\5T!
a white lie 不怀好意的谎言 尤其是为了礼貌所说的谎话 >YD?
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16.The red tape involved in getting the 5p--piece back from the Post Office which he'd lost in a stamp machine was so great that he didn't bother . d6wsT\S
red tape 拖拉的公事程序 繁文缛节 [03Aej
★词汇编★(三)——颠倒词序,意义不同 i/~A7\:8%
英语中有些两词短语,如果在词序上颠倒一下,意义上就会大不相同。下面介绍15对这样容易混淆的短语。 x#'#
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1. high on 热心于; on high 在高处,在天空。 uQrD}%GI
She is high on you , you know . 你知道,她非常喜欢你。 f\1)BZ'I
I saw two planes flying on high . 我看见有两架飞机在高空飞翔。 nd-y`@z
2.such as 像,例如; as such 照此;就以这种身份。 z~Gi/Ln
Some of the rubbish , such as food , paper and iron , rot away over a long time . 有些垃圾,像食物,纸和铁,要过好久才能烂掉。 'r3
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She is a teacher , and should be respected as such . 她是一个老师,应该受到老师应有的尊重。 )
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3.must needs 偏偏; needs must 必须。 ]>&au8
He must needs go away when he was wanted . 要找他的时候,他偏偏不在。 )~rN{W<s`H
He needs must go at once . 他必须立即走。 GBN^ *I
4.only if 只有,必须在……条件下; if only 但愿,要是……就好了。 l\a 0 k4
I told him he would succeed only if he tried hard . 我告诉他,只有努力才能成功。 *V5R[
If only I had seen the famous scientist ! 我要是见到那个著名的科学家该多好啊! ga VWfG
5.long before 很久以前; before long 不久以后 xoPpu
Long before , men discovered the use of wool . 很久以前,人就发现了羊毛的用途。 waldLb>7D
He is certain to arrive before long . 他肯定不久就到。 qY0p)`3!%
6.a kind of 一种; of a kind 徒有其名的,同一种。 ?PLf+S
I had a kind of suspicion that he was cheating . 我有点怀疑他在骗人。 {73Z$w1%
He is a poet of a kind . 他是一个徒有其名的诗人。 1Qv5m^>vj
7.all in 疲倦极了; in all 总共。 ]r{y+g|
He was all in , but he stuck it out . 他已经筋疲力尽了但是还是坚持到底。 h8Kri}z; M
How many are there in all ? 总共有多少? gTm[ <Y
8.good for 对……有好处; for good 永远。
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It is good for your health to take a walk in the morning . 清晨散步有益于健康。 !\2Xr{f
I have given up smoking for good . 我已永远戒烟了。 tyNT1F{
9.all for 完全赞成; for all 尽管。
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I was all for the proposal . 我完全赞成这一建议。 EC|t4u3
For all his achievements he is very modest . 尽管他很有成就,他还是十分谦虚。 r:<UV^; 9l
10.cash in 兑成现款; in cash 有现钱。 ;i> |5tEy
Bob paid the bill by cashing in some bonds ,. 鲍勃将一部分公债券兑成了现款付了帐。 BA53
He bets freely when he is in cash . 他有钱的时候就任意打赌。 |I6\_K.=L
11.in drink 喝醉了; drink in 吸收,吸取。 &")ON[|b
It was impossible for him to keep a secret when he was in drink . 他醉的时候是不能保守秘密的。 2{% U\^-
A plant drinks in oxygen from the atmosphere . 植物从空气中吸取氧气。 cd#@"&r
12.hand on 依次传递; on hand 即将发生。 `q".P]wtKN
Hand on this book to a friend of yours . 把这本书传给你的一个朋友。 g7rn|<6FI
The summer vacation will be on hand . 暑假快到了。 hr(E,TAe
13.in trust 委托人管; trust in 相信,信任。 ma,H<0R
At his death Mr Brown left a large sum in trust fot his son . 布朗先生临死时留下一笔巨款托人替他儿子保管。 N
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You can trust in him . He is honest . 你可以信任他,他很老实。 hxGZ}zq*S
14.in turn 依次,轮流; turn in 就寝,上交。 6j+_)7.V
Let’s speak in turn . 我们依次发言吧。 .9PPWY;H
I want to turn in early tonight and get a good night’s test . 今晚我要早睡,好好休息一夜。 5_9mA4gs@
15.in tune 音调准确,一致; tune in 收听,收看。 ^,qi`Tk
Her piano is in tune . 她的钢琴声音很准。 =Z2
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We often tune in the news programme . 我们常收听新闻节目。 ZXh6Se4o
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★词汇编★(四)——容易引起误解的复合词 F$F,I,$ "
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一般说来,由两个名词组成的复合词,其意思大多与原来的两个词有关,如:stone wall (由石头砌成的墙),foot bridge (人行天桥)。但是,有些却没有什么关系,因而往往会由于望文生义产生误解,所以在学习中注意这些词的确切含义是非常必要的,下面请看几个实例: |gg6|,Bt4
1、bus boy ——从字面上看,与公共汽车有关,可实际上是指饭店的服务员(waiter)的助手,不负责点菜上菜与顾客打交道,只是在顾客吃完离开后负责收拾杯盘狼藉的桌面。 tI ~.3+F
2、long suit ——suit 一词容易使人想到西装、衣服之类,如:a long suit (男式普通西服),a gym suit (体操衣),a dress suit (男式晚礼服),a three—piece suit (三件套的西服)。但long suit 与这些一点都沾不上边,其意思是“长处”,“优势”,“胜过别人的地方”。该词来源于a long suit of clubs ,指玩桥牌时的一套长牌,比如四种花色中, 你手中的黑桃多于四张,就可以说你有a long suit of clubs ,既然是长套牌,就很可能势力较强,比方说有Ace,King等。请看例句: =`Pgo5A
His long suit is cooking (他的特长是炒得一手好菜)。 sEm-Td+A5
3、swan song ——天鹅之歌,西方古代传说中,天鹅临死时会发出美妙的歌声,于是人们便以swan song比喻画家、诗人、作家、音乐家等最后的作品或是最后一次演出。如: |>Qj]
This book is believed to he his swan song (一般认为这本书是他的最后一部作品)。 1/:WA:]1,
4、gravy train ——一看到train恐怕会以为是什么样的“列车”、“火车”,在这里与此无关,而是指“轻松的工作或课程”,“容易赚得的利润”/ buu~#m1z
In the past ,a college education would enable the person to get on the gravy train (过去,受到大学教育的人容易找到轻松而报酬较高的工作)。 y yW;VKN
5、anchorman ——anchor 意为“锚”。在该复合词中没有包含这种意思。该词的意思是“新闻主持人”或“节目主持人”,这种播音员既亲自播音,又负责新闻的制作和安排,既指广播播音,也指电视播音,通常指后者。 9(V12gn+lk
The anchorman on Channel 7 has a personality (七频道的新闻主持人很有特色)。 wsYvbI!
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★词汇编★(五)——奇妙的world b*&AIiT
world一词在英语中除了有“世界”之意外,还有许多奇妙的用法,列举于下: ,4M7:=gf
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1、 表示“星球、行星”之意,如: <F{EZ Ii
Nine worlds go round our sun (九颗行星围绕太阳旋转)。 ).0kl
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2、 表示“界、领域”之意,如: B+:/!_
He is a big figure in the business world (他是商界的大亨)。 i=jwk_y
3、 表示“世间之生活,世事”,如: V{+'(<SV
The world goes very well with us (我的情况很好)。 o'O;69D]tX
4、a world of 表示“很多的,极大的”,如: LVP2jTz
There is a world of different between them (他们之间有极大不同)。 4+"2K-]
5、 be all the world (to) 表示“一切,比什么都重要”,如: nLicog)!I
She is all the world to him (她是他的一切)。 F!(Vg
My home is all the world to me (对我来说我的家比什么都重要)。 H0r@dn
6、 for (all) the world 常用于否定句,意为“无论如何”,如: I7,5ID4pn
I wouldn’t hurt her feelings for all the world (无论如何我也不会伤害她的感情)。 3 }~.#`QeY
How in the world can they get there on time ? (他们究竟怎样才能准时到那里?)。 ;5Spdi4w
7、 on top of the world 意为“情绪高昂,高兴之极”,如: uj;tmK>;
He was on top of the world when he worked out the difficult problem (当他解出这道难题时,他高兴极了)。 cBZ$$$v\#
8、 out of this world 意为“超凡,好极了”,如: pY]T32
The performance was simply out of this world (那场演出简直再好不过了)。 9K,PT.c
9、 set the world on fire 意为“轰动一时,有突出才成就”,如: 1k"<
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His invention set the world on fire (他的发明轰动于世)。 |qTvy,U[
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★词汇编★(六)——与“星期”名称有关的习语 ;+C2P@M
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1、 与Sunday有关的: d^h`gu~3
Sunday best , Sunday clothes , Sunday togs , Sunday-go-to-meeting clothes——高档、漂亮的衣裳;盛装。 4~<78r5m
Sunday run——长距离。 c@f?0|66M
Sunday painter——业余画家。 5XtIVHA@{
Sunday punch——(拳击中)最厉害的一击;(对付对手的)杀手锏。 fSc)PqLP
Sunday saint——伪善者。 &Z'3n9zl
Sunday saint and Monday sinner——假道学,伪君子。 ETZE.a
Sunday letter——(历书上为表示一年之星期日所用的)主日字母。 >V1vw7Pa
Sunday school——(教堂中所设的)主日学校。(美)扑克牌戏。 +guCTGD:
Sunday school truth——众所周知的道理或事实。 e7tp4M9!%
Month of Sundays——很久。 [QUaC3l)
Mid-Lent Sunday , Mothering / Refreshment Sunday——(牛津大学)校庆日前的星期日。 k6eh$*!
Low Sunday——业余的;复活节后的星期日。 [~_)]"pU
To look two ways to find Sundays——斜着眼看。 8_$[SV$q
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2、 与Monday有关的: iepolO=
black Monday——(学俚)放假后的开学第一天;执行死刑之星期一;黑色礼拜一(即复活节之后一日,因1360年的当天,天气严寒,爱德华三世之士兵都冻死于巴黎附近)。 k0r93xa
Blue Monday——沮丧,闷烦(相对于欢乐的周末而言)。 u-</G-y
Saint Monday——(特指交易所)懒散,工作很少的星期一。 wH]5VltUT1
Mad Monday ——忙乱的星期一。 ,i RUR8
Monday morning feeling , Monday feeling——美国人在周末休假后星期一不想工作的那样一种心情。 a=_+8RyVQ
Monday morning quarterback——放马后炮的人。 {0L.,T~g+[
Monday morning quarterbacking——放马后炮。 =1#obB
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3、 与Friday有关的: Ob!NC&
Friday——忠仆,随从(源自鲁滨逊漂流记)。 2 nra@
Man Friday——男忠仆。 VN3[B
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Girl Friday——得力助手(尤指女秘书)。 Z-%zR'-?*
Pal Friday——极受信赖的女秘书。 65 ]>6D43
Friday face——神色不佳之人。 xQUskjv/
Black Friday——不幸的礼拜五,即有任何灾难发生的礼拜五;复活节前之礼拜五(神职人员于此日着黑装)。 ^k J>4
Good Friday——耶酥受难节; ) KvGJo)("
T.G.I.F ( Thank God it’s Friday )——报纸上刊出招聘一名能干的女职员的广告。 ==#mlpi`S[
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4、 与Saturday有关的: P*6h$T
Saturday-to-Monday——周末休假;周末的。 Hnft1
Black Saturday——黑色星期六(指工人已预借工资无钱可领的星期六)。 x&p.-Fi
Saturday night special——便于周末作案的小手枪。 4yK{(!&i+
Saturday night massacre——星期六夜晚大屠杀(指尼克松任总统期间白宫在1973年10月20日,周六晚上宣布解除水门时间特别检查官考克斯的职务,并解除拒绝把考克斯解职的司法部长理查森和副部长拉克尔职务)。 CKE):kHu
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5、 与“星期”名称有关的几个名谚: H~$*
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He that sings on Friday , shall weep on Sunday ; He who laughs on Friday will weep on Sunday . ,tTq25~H\
乐极生悲。 g{6FpuA|0
Choose a wife on a Saturday rather than a Sunday . 1R.|j_HYy
节日假期,不宜选妻。(意指平时女子穿便服,故能更好地对之进行观察)。 z!s1$5:" 0
Come day , go day , God send Sunday . ;SgPF:T>Q
过了一天又一天,上帝快给个星期天。(此乃懒惰者的愿望,亦指懒惰的佣人盼望工作时间快快过去,休息和发工钱的日子快快到来)。 Llf#g#T
附几个句子: '
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1、 Mary , a well-known Sunday painter’s girl Friday , went to the art exhibition in her Sunday best yesterday and made a hit with all the gentlemen there who seemed to have Sunday-go-to-meeting manners . jhR`%aH4
2、 Joe slumped into his chair at the breakfast table , “Monday morning feeling again , dear ? ” asked his wife . ]A=yj@o$xN
3、 ——I know it must be the battery . Y;)l
——Yeah , why didn’t you tell me earlier ? Monday morning quarterback . P+L#p(K
4、 Friday , September 24 , the day the finacial panic of 1869 began , has since been known as black Friday . ;~,)6UX7
5、 He bought a Saturday night special from a Sunday driver . F,8 ?du]
6、 On the average they receive about five or six hundred calls a day , but this rises to close to a thousand calls after occasions like Richard Nixon’s “Saturday Night Massacre ” . rSa=NpFxLu
Sunday best #_SsSD=.Sy
星期天穿着去教堂的服装 6n A/LW\x
Sunday brunch WhT5NE9t
星期天可以慢慢享受的一餐 fK|P144
Sunday call 2WK c;?
Sunday telegraph p!o-+@ava
星期天(邀请朋友外出的)联络 Np"~1z.(b
Sunday comic A('o&H
报纸的周日版中的漫画 b|-}?@&7&q
Sunday driver i&
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不熟练的司机,开车小心谨慎,慢吞吞的司机 cY^'Cj
on Sunday week #=V\WQb
下星期的。。。 _I?oR.ON33
month of Sundays =in a month of Sundays gb{8SG5ac
约等于week of Sundays (七个星期,形容时间长) M ]Hf>7p
forty ways for Sunday T@jv0/(+
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★词汇编★(七)——趣谈egg hnimd~E52k
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在我国口语中,常把坏人称为“坏蛋”,把考试成绩得零分称为“鸭蛋”。无独有偶,英语中也有与之相对应的表达法: +'/C(5y)0X
a bad egg——坏人,坏人;失败的计划; ~ <36vsk
duck’s egg 或 duck’s-egg——鸭蛋,零分。 z3c7
除此之外,英语中还有五花八门的“蛋”: \`0s %F:V}
good egg——好人,好东西(俚); wQ^RXbJI9
Good egg !——真好!妙极了! oFb~|>d
golden eggs——大利益(来自希腊杀鹅取卵的故事); .~C%:bDnX7
goose eggs——零分(俚),(被打而产生的)青肿块; k4PXH
dumb egg——傻瓜(美俚); a>Wr2gPko
curate’s egg——好坏参半的东西(英); |%oI,d=ycv
old egg——老朋友,老兄(俚); :6:,s#av
hard-boiled egg——无情的人,吝啬鬼(俚); d#H
lO}
roc’s egg——镜花水月,虚幻的事物; x1h&`QUP
Easter egg——复活节彩蛋; pAws{3(Q
nest egg或nest-egg——(转义)储备金。 Zi?:< H}
英语中由egg构成的习语也很多: 2>[xe
1、 as sure as eggs is are eggs——千真万确,无疑地 &+0?Xip{Z
As sure as eggs is eggs he will come tonight (今晚他肯定来)。 Vx{
O\SH;y,N
2、 break the egg(s) in sb’s pocket (或 in the pocket of sb.)——打破某人的计划 Jot7
L%,TB
We have broken the eggs in the enemy’s pocket (我们已打破敌人的计划)。 6p9 {z42
3、 as full as an egg is of meat 或 as full of meat as an egg——塞满的,最好的,饱学的 J4x|Af p
He is as full of meat as an egg where the law is concerned (在法律方面,他是学识渊博的)。 }_BNi;H
4、 bring one’s eggs to a bad market——失败,失算 '|<r[K
It is a pity that he would have brought his eggs to a bad market (他的计划竟然失败了,真遗憾)。 2bOl`{x
5、 have egg on one’s face——显得愚蠢
nDS\2
The government has egg on its face over the failure of its prices and incomes plan (政府因物价和收入计划的失败而显得愚蠢)。 OZ33w-X<
6、 have eggs on the spit——手头有事,很忙 :='I>Gn
He said he had eggs on the spit(他说他很忙)。 yl&s
!I
7、 lay an egg——(演出等)失败 "ql$Rz8
He laid an egg as the romantic hero(他演一个浪漫的主角而大大失败)。 zR4]buHnE
8、 have / put all ( one’s ) eggs in one basket——孤注一掷After he failed twice , he decided to have all his eggs in on basket (连次失败后,他决定孤注一掷)。 naM~>N
9、 teach one’s grandmother ( how ) to suck eggs——教训长辈,班门弄斧 ^T*!~K8A
Don’t try to teach your grandmother ( how ) to suck eggs (不要班门弄斧)。 -'F27])
,D'm#Fti
10、 have an egg from the oof bird——(口)得到一笔遗产 .D;6
r4S
Ralph will have a good seized egg from the oof bird when his uncle dies (等他叔叔死了,拉尔夫就可以获得一大笔遗产)。 9}_'
11、 tread / walk ( as ) on / upon eggs——小心翼翼地行动,如履薄冰 i;atYltEJ2
That old man always walks on eggs (那老头做事总是小心翼翼) )HcLpoEi
此外,还有以下这些习惯用语: {+]tx4
6$
( as ) full as an egg——(俚)烂醉 "@^Q"RF
rush in the egg——防患于未然 UhJ{MUH`
from the egg to the apple——自始至终(罗马人的正餐开头吃蛋,最后吃水果,故有此语) AhkDLm+
in the egg——在初期 9 p,O>I
go lay an egg ( s ) ——(美)别管闲事,滚开 T^F83
Py<
like / as two eggs——完全一样 CpB,L
with eggs on one’s face——(美)受屈辱 W~PMR/^i
在英语中用egg构成的谚语也为数不少,以下列出几条: )~Gn7
Better an egg today than a hen tomorrow (今天一个蛋,胜过明天一只鸡)。 k }{o:
N
He that would have eggs must endure the cackling of hens (要吃鸡就不要讨厌母鸡咯咯叫——要享受就要吃点苦)。 qyAnq%B}
It is very hard to shave an egg (给鸡蛋刮脸是很困难的;缘木求鱼)。 l-P6B9e|\
Never cackle till your egg is laid (事未完成莫先夸耀)。 5KfrkZ
Dlpmm2
G3 |x%/Fbp
P,xIDj4d
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N~0ihTG5
★词汇编★(八)——英美人名姓氏简辑 R58NTPm
(一)英美人姓氏的来源 F2\&rC4v
英美人姓的来源很有趣,开始有人以职业为姓,如Farmer(农夫)、Butcher(屠夫)、Thatcher(盖房顶者)等等。 9|3sNFGX
Smith也是一个很普通的姓,他本是blacksmith(铁匠)的缩写形式。 /OYa1,
Goldsmith(金匠)和Silversmith(银匠)也都被用作姓,以后他们分别又被缩写成了Gold和Silver。 E%(s=YhW
有人喜欢在自己的店铺、酒馆的门上贴上各种各样的图画,于是人们就以这些画当作姓来称呼店铺、酒馆的主人,如Bell、Fish、Fox、Lion等。 8#\|Y~P
也有人用颜色的单词当作姓,如White、Brown、Black、Blue、Red等等。不过随着时代的变迁,这些姓中有的产生了变异,如Red变成了Reede或Reade。 6i%6u=um3
还有人根据居住地的地理特征来取姓,如Hill、Lake、Wood、Moor等等。 /M'd$k"0z
甚至有人还用绰号作姓,高个子姓Long,矮个子姓Small,而一个爱喝水的人则姓Drinkwater。 U{j4FlB
有人则在父亲的名后面加son组成姓,如John-son、Jacoson、Richardson。 r{B28'f[
B;S'l|-?
(二)英美人姓名的含义 as'yYn8
许多英美人的姓名都包含着一定的意思。女孩子取名一般都与美丽、纯雅、爱情、幸福等美好字眼有关;而男孩子则常有勇敢、富有、胜利、诚实等阳刚字眼。下面举几个常见的例子: `*elzW
1、 女孩常用名及其含义: ak-agH
Agnes——阿格尼斯——纯洁 [?hvx}
Alice——艾丽丝——真理 1Q!kk5jE
Diana——黛安娜——月亮女神 BY&{fWUo
Anna——安妮——优雅、仁慈 ?68~ g<d,
Lily——莉莉——百合花 m"-kkH{I
Catherine——凯瑟琳——纯洁、真诚 c1r+?q$f
Elizabeth——伊丽莎白——献身于上帝的人 ;aj;(Z.p)
Mary——玛丽——海上明星
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Helen——海伦——光芒 a#{"3Z2|
Dorothy——多萝西——珍贵的礼物 YQ.ci4.f
Susanna——苏珊娜——纯白、可爱 :|$cG~'J
Sarah——萨拉——公主 "GR*d{
Ruth——露丝——美丽 qpMcVJL
2、 男孩常用名及其含义: Bz <I7h
David——戴维——被爱的人 )0/*j]Kf
Donald——唐查德——世界之主 nF_q{e7
Richard——理查德——勇敢的人 AorY#oq
John——约翰——上帝的礼物 1Y&W>p
Alan——艾伦——英俊的人 k s\q^ten
Stephen——史蒂芬——王冠 _5H~1G%q
Robert——罗伯特——名声显赫的人 U[|5:qWs
Edward——爱德华——财富的守卫者 3tCTPZy
Victor——维克托——胜利者 gS'7:UH,
Harold——哈罗德——英勇善战者 6^t#sEf
f]
William——威廉——强大的捍卫者 6%h%h: e
Charles——查尔斯——普通一员 O_7}H)
Michael——迈克尔——上帝的使者 'l=>H#}<B
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★词汇编★(九)——人体名称的转义与习语 h]L.6G|hEN
在汉语中,人体各部位的名称除本义外,还常常有其他的含义,在英语中,也有类似的情况,以下列出一些常见的用法: BWQ`8
SMIDW}U2S
1、 The head(首脑)of our state government is the governor . m [^)Q9o}
2、 Use your head(脑筋), and you’ll find a way . u
z7|!G!43
3、 He was afraid to make a mistake because he might lose face(面子)with his friends . C0KFN
4、 All dogs have good noses , but the noses(嗅觉)of hunting dogs are best . Lui6;NY
5、 Ton took the bread of his brother’s mouth (生计). UWEegFq*
6、 This old statue shows the hand (手艺)of a good sculptor . U65l o[
7、 In the capitalist countries the working people lived at the foot(底层)of the social ladder . :IBP "
8、 The young people should have broad shoulders(重任). jL8A_'3B
9、 Beijing is the heart(中心)of politics , economy and culture in our country . 9 " t;6
10、 The heart(要点)of the teacher’s talk was that she is there to help us . _@y uaMoW=
11、 The foreign guests have stomach(爱好)for Beijing roast ducks . <8;~4"'a
12、 Chinese is our mother tongue(语言). 38T]qz[Sn
13、 He was so frightened of speaking before an audience that he lost his tongue(口才)for a few moments . 1/m$#sz
14、 The girl has a sweet tooth(嗜好) . Xz^k.4 Y{4
15、 They are related by blood(血统). iN.
GC^l
16、 Who owns the arm(权力)of the law ? qD4s?j-9
17、 After picking Professor Robert’s brains(窃取别人脑力劳动的成果), John wrote a very good article and won the first prize . k2$pcR,WM
18、 I did not like my girl friend at all , so I always kept her at arm’s length(冷淡), though she wanted to be friendly . E0Q6Ryn
19、 Jones was there but Smith turned his back(不理睬)on him . QNINn>2
20、 If you raise your elbow too often(当醉鬼), you’ll lose your health and money . 6IV):S~
21、 “ He says he has nearly half a million . ” [uHU[
sG
“ Half a million my foot(胡说)! He hasn’t got a bean , and he tries to borrow form everybody . ” Z{BK@Q4z
22、 He’s a lucky fellow , he always seems to fail to fall on his feet(处于顺境). ~] V62^0
23、 Sam’s success in business has turned his head(冲昏某人的头脑); now he thinks he is another Henry Ford . gm2|`^Xq$
24、 Lay your heads together(聚在一起商量)and see if you can think out a scheme . Let’s lay ( put ) our heads together and decide what to do . ?gUraSFU
25、 Trade was very bad , but I just managed to keep my head above water(不背债). ]7cciob
26、 Don’t take what he says seriously ; he’s only pulling you leg(愚弄某人). .%{B=_7
27、 Dr.White was annoyed when young Dr.Brown began to practise in the village ; he said that Brown was treading on White’s toes(触怒某人). [ i,
[^
28、 He paid through the nose(被敲竹杠)for this house , it isn’t worth that much money . l^ay*H
29、 The policeman warned the boys to keep their noses clean(安分守己)unless they wanted to go to jail . x'|9A?ez@Z
30、 He was failure in an examination , so his heart was in his boots(沮丧). =oIt.`rf
31、 When I heard the news my heart came into my mouth(吓的要命). ?g{[U0)
32、 During his illness he wasted away he was just a bag of bones (骨瘦如柴). ;M0`8MD
33、 Speak up ; I’m all ears(洗耳恭听). yNXYS
34、 Grandfather brought in a dozen ears of corn(玉米穗)from the field for lunch .
O5vfcX4>
35、 Harry’s request for silence fell on deaf(没有被理睬). Everyone just kept on talking . krFp q;
36、 Lend ( Give ) an ear(注意听)now ! What I’m going to say is very important . |f @A-d X
37、 “ Keep ( Have ) your ear to the ground (留心舆论倾向). Learn what people are thinking and saying . ” the captain said . u9|Eos i
38、 It makes no difference what I tell him . It goes in one ear and out the other(左耳进右耳出). i
KQj[%O
39、 Don’t get excited and don’t plan what you are going to do just play it by ear(见机行事) . u-|%K.A
40、 They turned a deaf ear(不听) to our request for help . We have to ask for help elsewhere . -%Vh-;Ie(
41、 I have no time to rest . I am up to my ears(忙于) in work . d@g2 9rs
42、 He likes concerts because he has a ear for(对……有鉴赏力) music . +B " aUF
43、 Philip has a good eye for (对……有鉴赏力)beauty in design . Be]z @E1x
44、 The teacher gave the students a cold eye(给冷眼) and he began to pay attention . [n| }>
45、 “ I believe in revenge . ” he growled , “ an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth . ”(以牙还牙) m jP
46、 If you catch the waiter’s eye(吸引某人注意力) , order a dish of ice-cream for me . |Vqm1.1/Zv
47、 All the men in the room were giving the pretty girl the eye . w-ald?`
48、 “ In a pig’s eye (决不)will go ! ” Frank yelled “ there’s no way you can get me to go to with you ! ” fcEm:jEZ*
49、 The two girls were making eye at(眉目传情) the handsome lifeguard . &WBpd}|+Y
50、 My father and I quarrel a lot . We seldom see eye to eye(意见一致) on anything . &!
h~UZ
51、 He deposited the money at a savings bank with an eye to(为了要) the higher interest rate . )L6
it
52、 He turned a blind eye (忽视)to her illness and she had a miserable time .
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53、 The ship was caught in the eye of the hurricane(中心) . M&V4|D
54、 You can see with half an eye(一目了然) that he is very poor . M j[+h|e
55、 Children really get in Mary’s hair(触怒) . She becomes annoyed when they’re around . ;Us6:}s
56、 We all had a good time at the party , everyone let his hair down (松弛身心)and enjoyed the music and dancing . SQ> Yf\
57、 It is hard to reach any kind of agreement with Herbert . He likes to split hairs(拘泥细节) about everything . :t!J
9
58、 Sue was indeed a brave heroine . She didn’t turn a hair(泰然自若) even in face of death . Z(tJd,
59、 Stop telling such terrible stories ! You are making the boy’s hair stand on end(使人毛骨悚然) . :*,!gf
60、 You just keep your hair on(保持镇定)and give it another thought . ^|.T\
61、 If you can’t get Fern by the short hairs(控制某人), he will ruin you . zO\_^A|8H
62、 To cure the headache I drank last night . I swallowed “ a hair of the dog that had bit me (解醉的酒)” . Bj2iYk_cLa
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★词汇编★(十)——大家都来“笑”一下^-^ XrTc5V
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英语中表示“笑”的词语很多,现在做一个总结: 9C,gJp}P
NpZ'pBl
1、 laugh——笑 r9u'+$vmF
They all laughed loudly . 他们都大声地笑了。 5JVBDA^#om
He laughs best who laughs last . 别高兴得太早了。 w9GY/]
2、 smile——微笑 75^*4[
He smiled his consent . 他微笑以示同意。 Gdb0e]Vt+
She smiled to see the children so happy . 她看到孩子们这样快乐,也为之莞尔。 >S`=~4
3、 grin——露齿而笑 nbP}a?XC
He was grinning with delight . 他高兴得咧开嘴笑了。 c^1JSGv
The boy grinned from ear to ear when I gave him an apple . 当我给哪个孩子一个苹果的时候,他咧开嘴笑了。 OfBWf
6b
4、 chuckle——含笑;咯咯地笑;低声轻笑 aC1 xt(
He was chuckling to himself over what he was reading . 他对所读的东西觉得很有趣,因而暗自发笑。 89D`!`Ah]
5、 giggle——傻笑;格格地笑
3{co.+
The silly school girls giggled . 女生们在傻笑。 rwUhNth-Qh
I heard them giggle when I passed by the girls . 当我做过那些女孩子身边时,我听到她们在格格地笑。 ^0>^5l'n
,e1c,}
6、 snicker——忍笑;暗笑(通常有不敬的成分) uGXvP(Pg'
On hearing his absurd opinion , I went snickering . 听了他那荒谬的意见,我忍俊不禁走开了。 SGZYDxFC@
7、 simper——假笑;痴笑 E
JC}"%h
He simpers at my word . 他闻我言而痴笑。 um]*nXIr
When I told him the thing , he simply simpered . 当我把那事告诉他时,他只是假笑了一下。 1_LKqBgo
8、 smirk——微笑,得意地笑;假笑 XS@iu,uO
He smirked at everyone that passed . 他对过路的每个人傻笑。 ?:60lCqj
An innocent smile of a child is much above the artificial smirk of a person in social intercourse . 一个小孩的天真的微笑,实在胜于社交场中的假笑。 2BO H8Mp9
9、 titter——窃笑;忍笑 gsQn@(;
The girls tittered . ( =giggled ) 女孩子们格格笑了。 [7DU0Xg7
He told me that with a titter . 他笑着告诉了我。 cp8w
_TPU
10、 roar——哄笑,大笑 tQ;Fgv8Y!
His jokes set the table in a roar . 他的笑话使得哄堂大笑 st "@kHQ3
They roared with laughter . 他们哄然大笑。 OI)k0t^;D
11、 guffaw——喧笑;狂笑;捧腹大笑(一般指不高尚的) 0K^@P#{hd
Everybody in the room surprised at him as he guffawed on the occasion . 当他在那样的场合捧腹大笑时,房间里的人都吃了一惊。 TTj] _R{n
The crowd laugh an guffaw as soon as they see the ridiculous manner of the buffoon . 大家一见小丑那种滑稽样子,立刻哄堂大笑。 Q_,!(N
12、 cachinnate——大声笑,哄笑 L!33`xef'
He cachinnated till his sides ached . 他笑得肚皮都痛了。 -M]/Xv]
13、 horselaugh——(高声大笑)如马嘶一般 iWW!'u$+I`
He burst out into a horselaugh . 他突然放声狂笑。 }.|a0N 5
14、 cackle——(呵呵大笑)如母鸡生蛋后的叫声 ZUB]qzmK
Those cackles from young male throats , the cultivated whoops from the girls , and the throb of the record player could only mean another of the impromptu parties . 那些男孩子们的呵呵笑声,女孩子们的训练有素的呼呼声,以及留声机上发出的节奏声,足以说明这又是一次临时的舞会。 ?UflK
15、 chortle——欢笑;咯咯地笑 !$iwU3~<
The children chortled all the time . 孩子们始终欢笑不止。 Z%.Ld2Q{
16、 ridicule——嘲笑;讪笑 x?{l<mc
Doctors are often ridiculed in the plays . 医生们常在戏剧里被愚弄。 lxXF8c>U
17、 deride——讥笑 L67yL( d6a
They all derided his foolishness . 他们都讥笑他的愚笨。 l@UF-n~[
18、 mock——嘲笑 >/C,1}p[
The students mocked the seriousness of his expression . 学生们用模仿他的严肃神色来表示嘲弄。 u{WI 4n?
The naughty boy mocked the blind beggar . 淘气的孩子们愚弄那瞎了眼的乞丐。 ]nIVP
19、 taunt——笑骂 O>rz+8 T
He taunted me beyond endurance . 他的笑骂我不能忍受。 &JLKHwi/
They taunted him into taking the dare . 他们揶揄笑骂他使之接受挑战。 NODE`VFu
20、 twit——揶揄,挖苦 ct*~\C6Ze
He twitted her with her timidity . 他揶揄她的胆怯。 U.^%7.
21、 scoff——嘲笑 Q"pZPpl&
It was a great invention but at first many people scoffed at it . 那是一个伟大的发明,但起初许多人都加以怀疑的嘲笑。 '2|mg<Ft
22、 banter——戏谑,愚弄 uh)f/)6
We bantered him on the subject of marriage . 我们在婚姻问题上戏谑了他。 CD?b.Cxai
23、 rally——挖苦,嘲笑(古语) 6S%KUFB+e
The boys rallied John on his short haircut . 孩子们嘲笑约翰剃了光头。 vy5{Vm".4
24、 chaff——戏弄,恶作剧 @d3yqA
The boys chaffed the French boy about his mistakes in speaking English . 这些孩子们由于那个法国孩子说错了英语而开他的玩笑。 25xt*30M
25、 jeer——讥笑 'zt}\ Dt
Your may jeer ; but can you do any better ? 你固然可以讥笑,但难道你就能做得更好么? o~:({
26、 gibe / jibe——讥笑,嘲弄 REJBm
They gibed at his singing . 他们嘲笑他的歌声。 }darXtZKkK
27、 sneer——讥笑 }236{)DuN
The proposal was sneered down . 那建议遭到人们的讥笑。 Pa\yp?({q
“ Bah ! ” he answered with a curl of his lips . “呸!”他嘴唇一撇地讥笑着。 **9[e[(X
28、 jest——取笑,开玩笑 K)`l >o1
Many a true word is spoken in jest . 很多认真的话都被当作笑话讲了。(谚语) xWQQX
Don’t jest about serious things . 正经事不要开玩笑。 "wV7PSbM
29、 joke——开玩笑 jw2hB[WR
I was only joking . 我只是开玩笑的。 S|RUc}(
They often joked him on his baldness . 他们常揶揄他的秃头。 QE;,mC>
30、 scorn——嘲笑;轻蔑 Tt0]G_
He is a scorn to his neighbors . 他们嘲笑他。 r)qow.+&
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31、 flout——嘲笑;侮慢 J(,gLl
He often flouts at religion . 他常嘲笑宗教 }`$({\^w
Don’t flout at me . 不要笑我。 M|z4Dy
当作“可笑的”解的形容词有下列一些: .0y .0=l
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1、 risible——能笑的 1G, '
Man is the only risible animal . 人类是唯一能笑的动物。 GV)DLHiyxX
2、 laughable——可笑的 tN;~.\TKg
It is a laughable story . 好笑的故事。 :(jovse\
3、 ludicrous——滑稽可笑的 FO|Eg9l
What a ludicrous thing it is . 多么可笑的事。 hdH-VR4
4、 absurd——荒谬可笑的 .a]av
Isn’t that absurd ? 那岂不可笑?