针灸推拿学专业英语|考研专区&研究生会 - 广州中医药大学学生论坛

只看楼主倒序阅读 0 发表于: 2012-03-09

diaphragm 膈 abdomen 腹sagittal section 矢状位coronal section 冠状位transverse section  横断面clavicie  锁骨 scapula  肩胛骨radius 桡骨 ulna 尺骨hip 髋 thigh  大腿          leg  小腿joint cavity  关节腔 capsule  关节囊sensory  感觉 motor  运动          neurone  神经元Indications  适应症therapeutic effect  疗效contraindications  禁忌症
Differentiation  辩证Reinforcing  补 Reducing  泻
p10绪论：包括四个方面：经脉络脉腧穴刺灸手法It includes four aspects, i.e. the meridian and collaterals,acupoints,manipulating methods and clinical treatments.
Plain Question  素问Canon of Medicine  内经Miraculous Pivot(Lingshu)  灵枢
Classic on Medical problems  难经A-B Classic of Acupuncture and Moxibustion  针灸甲乙经
Compendium of Acupuncture and Moxibustion  针灸大成
”For the fullness and oppression due to cold in Zang-organs,moxibustion is indicated to be applied.” 脏寒生满病，其治宜灸焫
经络定义 The Meridians and collaterals are the passages through which Qi and blood can be conducted.
The meridians and collaterals pertain to the Zang-fu organs interiorly and extend to the extremities and joints exteriorly,integrating the Zang,Fu,tissues and organs into an organic whole经络内属于腑脏，外络于肢节，使脏腑筋肉组织成为一个有机整体
the Twelve Regular Meridians  十二正经the Eight Extra Meridians  奇经八脉
the Twelve Divergent Meridians  十二经别the Twelve Muscle Regions  十二筋经
the Twelve Cutaneous Regions  十二皮部the Fifteen Collaterals 十五络脉
medial aspects  内侧 lateral aspects  外侧anterior  前  medium  中   posterior  后
pertain to  属 Zang-organs  脏 Communicate  络     Fu-organs  腑
The lung Meridian  肺经（手太阴）The Large Intestine Meridian  大肠经（手阳明）
The Stomach Meridian  胃经（足阳明）The Spleen Meridian  脾经（足太阴）
The Heart Meridian  心经（手少阴）The Small Intestine Meridian  小肠经（手太阳）
The Bladder Meridian  膀胱经（足太阳）The kidney Meridian  肾经（足少阴）
The Pericardium Meridian  心包经（手厥阴）The Sanjiao Meridian  三焦经（手少阳）
The Gallbladder Meridian  胆经（足少阳）The Liver Meridian  肝经（足厥阴）
4. The Twelve Divergent Meridians
The Twelve Divergent Meridians strengthen the connections between the Zang and Fu organs by the distribution of branching out from the Twelve Regular Meridians.
5. The Twelve Muscle Regions
The Twelve Muscle Regions(or called musculartendons) are the conduits, which distribute the Qi of the Twelve Regular Meridians to the muscles,tendons and joints.
6.The Twelve Cutaneous Regions
The Cutaneous Regions are within the domains of the Twelve Regular Meridians.Since the Cutaneous Regions are the most superficial part of the body tissues,they render protection to the organism,resist exopathogens and reflect pathogenic changes.
P22    specific points (特定穴)
Five-shu Point, Yuan-primary Point, Luo-connecting Point, Xi-cleft point, Back-shu Point, Front-mu Point, Lower He-sea Point, Eight-influential Point, Eight-confluent Point and crossing point.
五输穴定义 Five Shu Points refer the collective name of five specific points namely, Jing-well, ying-spring, Shu-stream, jing-river and he-sea, which are located below the elbow or knees (肘膝以下) on the twelve regular meridians.
《难经》第68章说，The jing-well point is generally indicated in epigastric fullness; the ying-spring Point in febrile diseases; the Shu-stream Point, in heaviness and joint pain, the jing-river point, in asthma and coughing with fever; the He-sea Point, in Qi rebellion(气逆)with diarrhea（泄泻）.
原穴定义 “Yuan” means the origin, the primary Qi（原气）. Yuan-primary Point is the site where the yuan-primary Qi of Zang-Fu organs passes and stays.
郄穴定义 the Xi-cleft Point is the site where the Qi of the meridian is deeply converged（深聚）.
Back-shu points are corresponding points on the back and where the Qi of the respective Zang-Fu organs is infused; front-mu points are those on the chest and abdomen where the Qi of the respective Zang-Fu organs is infused and converged.
Eight- influential Points are the eight points where the vital essence and energy of the Zang-organs, fu-organs, Qi, blood, tendon, vessel, bone and joint.
Eight-confluent Points refer to the eight points where eight meridians communicate with the twelve regular meridians, distributed on the areas superior and inferior to the wrist joints and ankle joints.
P25  Lung Meridian of Hand-Taiyin  （手太阴肺经，起于中焦，下络大肠。。。。。。。）
The lung Meridian originates from the middle-Jiao, running downward to connect with the large intestine. Winck, it goes along the upper orifice of the stomach, passes upward through the diaphragm, and enters the lung, its pertaining organ.
ZhongFu（中府穴）(LU1)  Front-mu Point
Location: on the upper lateral chest, 6 cun from the midline of the chest, level in the first intercostals space（第一肋间隙）.
Oblique insertion 斜刺     subcutaneous insertion 平刺    perpendicular insertion 直刺
Transverse crease of the wrist   腕横纹
Lifting and thrusting method 提插          rotating method   捻转
各类针刺手法名称功效。。。。。。
Pressing method（循法）   It  may encourage the Qi coming.
Flicking method（弹法）     It has the function of promoting Qi and circulating Qi.
Scraping （刮法）          This method is applied for strengthening the needling sensation or promoting the dispersion of the needling sensation.
Shaking method（摇法）       This method may be applied for strengthening needling sensation when the needle is kept straight and shaken or for promoting the dispersion of the needling sensation when horizontal.
Flying method（飞法）         This method is often used to promote, strengthen and circulate needling sensation.
Trembling method（颤法）       It is for promoting the arrival of Qi or strengthening the needling sensation.
得气定义 Getting Qi, known as Arrival of Qi in ancient time and needling Sensation in recent time, means that after the needle is inserted to a certain depth of point, it is manipulated with the needling techniques of lifting and thrusting or rotating to get the sensation of meridian Qi.
P31
After the arrival of Qi, the patient feels soreness（酸）, distension（胀）, heaviness（重）,and numbness（麻）.
The prognosis of a disease  疾病的预后.   favorable prognosis 预后良好
unfavorable prognosis  预后不好
Quick arrival of Qi suggests good effects in treatment；slow arrival of Qi  shows retarded effects in treatment.气速则效速，气迟则效迟
P32
Hypertension 高血压  migraine 偏头痛  traumatic injury 外伤  neuroheadache 神经性头痛
The head is where all the yang meridians of hand and foot as well as Du meridian which dominates all the Yang of the body meet.头是手足阳经和总管所有阳经是的督脉汇聚的地方
Exogenous headache 外感头痛          endogenous  headache 内伤头痛
Front headache is named as Yangming headache ; temporal headache as shaoyang headache; occipital headache as jueyin headache.
Exogenous  headache  外感头痛
Wind-cold headache:（P32症状表现）
Wind-heat headache:（症状表现）
Wind-damp headache :（症状表现）
Endogenous  headache内伤头痛
Headache by hyperactivity of liver-Yang（肝阳上亢头痛）: （P33症状表现）
Headache by kidney deficiency（肾虚头痛）: （症状表现）
Headache by blood deficiency（血虚头痛）: （症状表现）
Headache by accumulation of phlegm-turbid（痰浊壅滞头痛）: （症状表现）
Headache by blood stagnation（血瘀头痛）: （症状表现）
Basic treatment
Exogenous headache（外感头痛）: method    To dispel wind, remove obstruction from the channels and collaterals, stop pain.（通经活络，祛风止痛）
Endogenous  headache
Excessive syndrome（实证）: method  To remove obstruction from the channels and collaterals
Deficient syndrome（虚证）: method   to remove obstruction from the channels and collaterals, nourish the brain marrow.
P36
Bi syndromes are caused by weakness of defensive Qi and invasion by pathogenic wind, cold, damp and heat.痹症由卫气虚弱和外感风、寒、湿、热引起。
P36
Syndrome differentiation （老师说下面的有一个会考，题型不明。。。。。。。）
1)Wandering Bi: （主要特点）
2)Painful Bi: （主要特点）
3)Fixed Bi: （主要特点）
4)heat bi:  （主要特点）
P 39    Irregular menstruation （月经不调，各型的症状和治则，可能会考）
1)    Predated menstruation 经早
Excessive heat type实热型 :
Deficient heat type虚热型 :
Qi deficient type气虚型 :
2)    Postdated menstruation经迟
Excessive cold type寒实型 :
Deficient cold type虚寒型 :
Qi stagnation type气滞型 :
3)    Irregular menstrual cycle月经周期不调
Liver Qi depression type肝郁型:
Kidney deficiency type肾虚型:
Predated menstruation: method   To eliminate heat and regulate menstruation.清热调经
Postdated menstruation: method  to expel cold from meridians, harmonize the bolld circulation in the uterus.温经散寒，和血调经
Irregular menstrual cycle: method   To soothe the river, tonify the kidney,  and regulate Chong Meridian and Ren Meridian.疏肝，补肾，调冲任